According to @adam3us, Bitcoin now has about 105 million inscription-related data items, with only roughly 3 million being JPEGs or other images and the vast majority comprised of Runes/BRC-style entries largely used for meme coins and copied from other chains (Source: @adam3us on X, Sep 6, 2025). For BTC traders, this breakdown identifies token-style inscriptions—not image NFTs—as the primary driver of recent inscription counts on Bitcoin, a factor to monitor when assessing blockspace usage, fee conditions, and miner revenue sensitivity to transaction mix (Source: @adam3us on X, Sep 6, 2025).

According to @adam3us, nudging miners with education, outreach to switch to pools that do not include image-style 'JPEG' transactions, and fee-backed economic lobbying could reduce their inclusion in BTC blocks, indicating a push for stricter pool-level transaction policies, source: Adam Back (X, Sep 5, 2025). A coordinated mining-pool policy directly changes block templates and which transactions compete for scarce block space, thereby influencing the Bitcoin fee market, source: Bitcoin.org Developer Guide on Mining and Transaction Fees. Traders should monitor pool policy announcements, the share of blocks mined by pools that exclude such transactions, and median sat/vB fee levels as near-term catalysts for BTC on-chain costs and throughput, source: Bitcoin.org Mining overview; mining pool operator communications. A visible decline in these image-style transactions would be reflected in mempool composition and block contents, signaling potential easing of fee spikes that impact deposit and withdrawal costs for exchanges and users, source: Bitcoin.org Mempool and Fees documentation.

According to @adam3us, spam-related activity currently accounts for about 1.5% of the Bitcoin fee market, with a crude estimate that roughly 1% of excess fees comes from spam rather than standard transactions and that spam displaces other transaction fees, source: Adam Back on X, Sep 5, 2025. According to @adam3us, if fees remain persistently higher, miners respond by buying more ASICs, source: Adam Back on X, Sep 5, 2025. For traders, this dynamic can expand network hash rate and lead to higher future difficulty, directly affecting on-chain transaction costs and settlement timing, so monitor fee rates and the next difficulty adjustment window, source: Bitcoin.org Developer Guide; source: Adam Back on X, Sep 5, 2025.

According to Adam Back (@adam3us), the source of current on-chain spam is the JPEG industry—sellers and buyers—supported by VC funding, with miners earning an estimated $250 million per year from the associated fees, which he describes as a very rough estimate (source: Adam Back on X, Sep 5, 2025). According to Adam Back, the path to prevail is to make economic sense and laser-focus on outcomes by addressing where the spam originates rather than actions that work against core objectives (source: Adam Back on X, Sep 5, 2025). According to Adam Back, miners are among the beneficiaries of these fees alongside JPEG market participants and VC funding, highlighting the incentive structure around the activity (source: Adam Back on X, Sep 5, 2025).

According to @stonecoldpat0, there has been no Bitcoin spam for a while and he supports Bitcoin Core updating transaction relay rules, citing context from an @ercwl talk and stating it is not 2014 anymore, implying policy modernisation is warranted for the network stack. Source: @stonecoldpat0 on X, 2025-08-28. Relay rules determine which transactions nodes relay and accept into mempools, shaping propagation and standardness policies that directly influence throughput under load and the fee market during congestion. Source: Bitcoin Core policy and relay documentation; Bitcoin.org Developer Guide (Transactions, Mempool, and Fees). For BTC traders, any relay policy change can shift mempool composition and effective minimum fee rates for timely confirmations, so monitor mempool size and median fee-rate changes around implementation windows to manage slippage and settlement risk. Source: Bitcoin.org Developer Guide on fees and confirmation dynamics; Bitcoin Core policy documentation. Tactical takeaway: if mempool backlog rises and fee-rate floors climb following relay-policy adjustments, tighten intraday risk limits on on-chain settlement, widen withdrawal-fee assumptions for arbitrage legs, and prioritize high-fee, child-pays-for-parent strategies to maintain confirmation speed. Source: Bitcoin.org Developer Guide (fee estimation, CPFP mechanics); Bitcoin Core policy documentation.